《奇蹟課程》by Helen Schucman
《奇蹟課程》(A Course in Miracles),作者為 Helen Schucman。是新時代(New Age)浪潮裡一個具有高度代表性的作品。Schucman 在1965年聽到一個聲音指導她記錄下這部作品,將這些訊息整理成書。
其實這本書是典型的連接「高靈」,聲音來自自稱「耶穌」的靈體。摻入了基督教的概念,但淡化了宗教色彩。
以下是我過去,大約12年前部分標記的內容。過去我也認同許多《奇蹟課程》的概念,也在紐約參加過一陣子奇蹟的小組討論,而 Molly 老師大概在這本書花了大概兩三年的時間,看了三四次。主要也是內容晦澀難懂,繞來繞去,只能慢慢啃,但後來發現走不動,所以放下了這本書。現在回過頭來,發現其中很多內容似是而非,沒有辦法真正帶你走出迷宮。
但不否認的是,這本書起初確實帶給我們一些幫助,好比以下幾個觀念:
1. 我不是這句具身體。
我記得比較清楚就是說「我不是這具身體。」這個概念讓我們領會這只是一個身體機制,認識種種小我的習性或認定,不要被那些東西所提困住了。
「凡真實者,無可威脅。凡不真實者,並不存在。」("Nothing real can be threatened. Nothing unreal exists.")
2. 小我(ego)
「小我不過是你對自己信仰的一部分。」(The ego is nothing more than a part of your belief about yourself.)
你和上主是一體的,一樣的創造者,只是你遺忘了,以為自己是這具身體,這個小我。小我是虛假的自我認同,是一種幻覺,使我們相信自己與他人與上帝(或宇宙本源)是分離的。而這種分離感正是恐懼、罪惡感和衝突的根源。
小我被描述為一個我們自己編造出來的身份,不是我們真正的本質。小我只是暫時的幻覺,會隨著靈性覺醒而消散。
3. 寬恕與愛
寬恕是《奇蹟課程》的核心,但其定義與世俗理解不同。寬恕並非原諒他人的「錯誤」,而是認識到這些錯誤從未真正發生,因為它們只是幻象的一部分。寬恕的過程是放下對小我的執念,看穿分離的假象,從回到內心的平安。
「奇蹟心態的寬恕只是矯正,完全不帶任何評判的成分。」(Miracle-minded forgiveness is only correction. It has no element of judgment at all.)
小我習慣對立,它讓我們看到世界充滿敵對關係,比如「我對你」、「我們對他們」。它認為和平只能透過攻擊或防禦來達成,加深了分離感。
如果還有「我寬恕你,我原諒你」,那就是還有一種對立,一種「小我」的存在。
「小我確實靠比較而生存。」(The ego literally lives by comparisons.)
只有放下對立,否則我們可能成為仇恨的奴隸(slave of vengeance)。若有人傷害了你,寬恕並不意味著否認傷痛或勉強和解,而是選擇不再讓這份傷痛定義你的內心狀態。當我們寬恕時,我們是在告訴宇宙:「我不願再被恐懼綁架。」
「你的任務不是尋找愛,而僅僅是尋找並發現你內在對愛所建立的所有障礙。」(Your task is not to seek for love, but merely to seek and find all of the barriers within yourself that you have built against it. )
小我困在恐懼和罪疚感。它讓我們相信自己有罪、不足、或者必須證明自己的價值。
「沒有人因罪而被懲罰,上帝之子不是罪人。任何懲罰的概念都涉及責備的投射,並強化了責備是正當的觀念。」(No one is punished for sins, and the Sons of God are not sinners. Any concept of punishment involves the projection of blame, and reinforces the idea that blame is justified.)
修正問題,而不是責備。
4. 奇蹟沒有難易大小之分
「奇蹟沒有難易之分。一個並不比另一個更難或更大。」("There is no order of difficulty in miracles. One is not 'harder' or 'bigger' than another. They are all the same.”)
問題的「大小」只是幻象中的假象,難易之分只是小我的定義。
「現在的延遲會比以前更傷害你,僅僅因為你意識到這是延遲,並且逃離痛苦確實是可能的。」(Delay will hurt you now more than before, only because you realize it is delay, and that escape from pain is really possible.)
5. 你就是上帝的創造,與他一樣的品質,一樣是創造者
「上帝確實以祂自己的思想創造了靈,並具有與祂自身相同的品質。」(God did create spirit in His Own Thought and of a quality like to His Own. )
一體性,源頭沒有分離。
「上帝不是恐懼的創造者。你才是。你選擇了與祂不同的創造。」(God is not the author of fear. You are. You have chosen to create unlike Him.)
6. 修證了一些聖經的詮釋
「第二次降臨是對現實的覺知,而不是它的回歸。」(The Second Coming is the awareness of reality, not its return.)
「許多人被召喚,但少數人被選中」應為「所有人都被召喚,但少數人選擇聆聽。」(“Many are called but few are chosen” should be, “All are called but few choose to listen.”)
「他們沒有意識到,否認上帝就是否認他們自己的身份,在這個意義上,罪的代價是死亡。」(They do not realize that to deny God is to deny their own Identity, and in this sense the wages of sin is death.)
《奇蹟課程》解釋說聖經中「wages of sin is death.」並不是說罪業,而是否定了自己與上帝的一體性。
「沒有一個譴責兄弟的人能看到自己是無罪的並處於上帝的和平中。」(No one who condemns a brother can see himself as guiltless and in the peace of God. )
贖罪(Atonement)並非懲罰或贖罪,而是「修正錯誤」的過程,通過寬恕恢復一體性。
7. 放下過去
「當你學會完全不參考過去——無論是他的還是你所感知的你的過去——來看待每個人時,你將能從你現在看到的東西中學習。」(When you have learned to look on everyone with no reference at all to the past, either his or yours as you perceived it, you will be able to learn from what you see now.)
「重生是放下過去,不帶譴責地看待現在。」(To be born again is to let the past go, and look without condemnation upon the present. )
《奇蹟課程》的困境
然而,《奇蹟課程》停留在形而上的概念,類似靈性經驗,超越這具身體和大腦的體悟,典型的新時代模式,依然很難真正解決現實中的困境。好比說:
「要擁有,就將一切給予一切。」(“To have, give all to all.”)
這是一個認知陷阱。
都是小我的錯嗎?
過度強調小我,好像一切的問題都是小我造成的一樣,好似一個人分裂了,並沒有解除小我的自我矛盾衝突的困境。
「你的心靈與上帝的心靈是一體的。否認這一點並以其他方式思考,使你的小我得以維繫,但卻真實地分裂了你的心靈。」(Your mind is one with God’s. Denying this and thinking otherwise has held your ego together, but has literally split your mind. )
上帝其實也是小我的創造
「我一定是決定錯了,因為我沒有平靜。我自己做出了這個決定,但我也可以做出不同的決定。我想做出不同的決定,因為我想平靜。我不感到內疚,因為如果我允許聖靈,祂會撤銷我錯誤決定的一切後果。我選擇讓祂為我替上帝做決定。」(I must have decided wrongly, because I am not at peace. I made the decision myself, but I can also decide otherwise. I want to decide otherwise, because I want to be at peace. I do not feel guilty, because the Holy Spirit will undo all the consequences of my wrong decision if I will let Him. I choose to let Him, by allowing Him to decide for God for me.)
註解:但誰是聖靈?誰是上帝?把自己交給了誰?小我構建了幻相,卻又掉入了「上主」的幻相,而那仍然是小我的幻相。
「你與上帝一樣自由,並且必須永遠如此。讓我們以我的名義祈求天父,讓你記住祂對你的愛以及你對祂的愛。祂從未拒絕回答這個請求,因為它只請求祂已經意願的事物。真心呼喚的人總會得到回應。你不可在祂之前有其他的神,因為根本沒有其他的神。」(In this you are as free as God, and must remain so forever. Let us ask the Father in my name to keep you mindful of His Love for you and yours for Him. He has never failed to answer this request, because it asks only for what He has already willed. Those who call truly are always answered. Thou shalt have no other gods before Him because there are none.)
註解:
「你與上帝一樣自由」只是一種形而上的理想,現實面不可能。上帝沒有房貸的壓力,沒有困手困腳的現實問題。這類只是一些美好的「空話」。現實中,若一個人因為某些原因,難以感受到愛,這句話可能引發罪疚感,認為自己「不夠靈性」。
「你不可在祂之前有其他的神,因為根本沒有其他的神。」確實,沒有其他神,但也沒有上帝。空性中,沒有任何神,沒有上帝。只能說有形而上的造物主,因為所有的東西總有被創造出來的源頭。
對於兄弟「無條件」的愛
「你兄弟的錯誤不屬於他,就像你的錯誤不屬於你一樣。接受他的錯誤為真,你就攻擊了自己。」(Your brother’s errors are not of him, any more than yours are of you. Accept his errors as real, and you have attacked yourself.)
「你對你兄弟的感恩是我唯一想要的禮物。我會為你將它帶給上帝,因為知道你的兄弟就是知道上帝。如果你對你的兄弟感恩,你就是在對上帝所創造的感恩。」(Your gratitude to your brother is the only gift I want. I will bring it to God for you, knowing that to know your brother is to know God. If you are grateful to your brother, you are grateful to God for what He created.)
「你對兄弟的耐心就是對自己的耐心。上帝之子不值得耐心嗎?」(Your patience with your brother is your patience with yourself. Is not a child of God worth patience? )
註解:
這類理想看似很有道理,但在現實中並不可行。即使一個人想要達到「對兄弟的耐心就是對自己的耐心」,但現實中,精力會被耗盡。每個人的情感資源都是有限的。況且,如果「兄弟」一直犯錯,究竟要給多少耐心?
這段邏輯似乎很有道理,但錯誤的前提會衍生出似是而非的邏輯。將寬恕視為解決一切問題的萬能鑰匙,主張所有衝突皆源於分離的幻覺。然而,這種觀點假設一個人能夠完全超越情緒與記憶,達到無條件的愛。但什麼是無條件的愛?無條件的愛的是否有邊界?
「對小我來說,指出錯誤並「糾正」它們是仁慈、正當且好的。這對小我來說完全合理,因為它不知道錯誤是什麼,糾正又是什麼。錯誤屬於小我,糾正錯誤在於放棄小我。當你糾正一個兄弟時,你是在告訴他他是錯的。他當時可能毫無道理,如果他是從小我說話,那麼他肯定毫無道理。但你的任務仍然是告訴他他是對的。如果他在胡說,你不會口頭上這樣告訴他。他需要在另一個層次上被糾正,因為他的錯誤在另一個層次上。他仍然是對的,因為他是上帝之子。他的小我總是錯的,無論它說什麼或做什麼。」(To the ego it is kind and right and good to point out errors and “correct” them. This makes perfect sense to the ego, which is unaware of what errors are and what correction is. Errors are of the ego, and correction of errors lies in the relinquishment of the ego. When you correct a brother, you are telling him that he is wrong. He may be making no sense at the time, and it is certain that, if he is speaking from the ego, he will not be making sense. But your task is still to tell him he is right. You do not tell him this verbally, if he is speaking foolishly. He needs correction at another level, because his error is at another level. He is still right, because he is a Son of God. His ego is always wrong, no matter what it says or does.)
「如果你指出你兄弟小我的錯誤,你一定是通過你自己的小我在看,因為聖靈不會感知他的錯誤。這一定是真的,因為小我與聖靈之間沒有交流。小我毫無道理,聖靈不會試圖理解從它那裡產生的任何東西。因為祂不理解它,祂不會判斷它,知道小我製造的一切毫無意義。」(If you point out the errors of your brother’s ego you must be seeing through yours, because the Holy Spirit does not perceive his errors. This must be true, since there is no communication between the ego and the Holy Spirit. The ego makes no sense, and the Holy Spirit does not attempt to understand anything that arises from it. Since He does not understand it, He does not judge it, knowing that nothing the ego makes means anything.)
「你的任務不是改變你的兄弟,而僅僅是接受他本來的樣子。他的錯誤不是來自他內在的真相,而只有這個真相是你的。他的錯誤無法改變這一點,也無法對你內在的真相產生任何影響。」(It is not up to you to change your brother, but merely to accept him as he is. His errors do not come from the truth that is in him, and only this truth is yours. His errors cannot change this, and can have no effect at all on the truth in you.)
「投射與攻擊必然相關,因為投射總是正當化攻擊的手段。沒有投射的憤怒是不可能的。」(Projection and attack are inevitably related, because projection is always a means of justifying attack. Anger without projection is impossible.)
「當一個兄弟行為瘋狂時,他正在給你一個祝福他的機會。」(When a brother acts insanely, he is offering you an opportunity to bless him.)
註解:可以給他一個祝福的機會,但第二次、第三次⋯⋯第十次仍然繼續給嗎?
「只教導愛,因為那是你本質。」(Teach only love, for that is what you are.)
註解:
一種理想,一個似是而非的前提,因此我們困在如果沒有愛,我就回不到自己的本質,但究竟什麼是愛?
「愛」是本質是什麼?愛是無條件的包容嗎?愛是不能拒絕他人嗎?愛是不能生氣嗎?「愛」的定義往往將人困在道德矛盾中。如果有一個人不尊重你,甚至欺負你、傷害你,你要以什麼樣的「愛」來回應他不好的行為。
「寬恕僅僅是記住你過去給予的愛的想法,以及那些給予你的。其餘的一切必須被遺忘。寬恕是一種選擇性記憶,不是基於你的選擇。」(To forgive is merely to remember only the loving thoughts you gave in the past, and those that were given you. All the rest must be forgotten. Forgiveness is a selective remembering, based not on your selection.)
註解:「寬恕是一種選擇性記憶」?
得不到,是因為你沒有真正想要?
「你無法改變你未制定的法則,快樂的法則是為你創造的,而不是由你創造的。」(You cannot change laws you did not make, and the laws of happiness were created for you, not by you.)
註解:
一方面聽起來很合理,滿足了慾望讓我們快樂,無盡的慾望讓我們不快樂。
一方面又是一個典型的身心靈陷阱,上文可以理解為「真正的快樂源於上帝,你只需接受,而非試圖改變或創造它。」但上帝究竟是什麼?上帝又提供了什麼快樂?
若有人問:「若我感受不到快樂,這法則是否存在?」《奇蹟課程》可能回答:「你未感受到快樂,是因為你抗拒了法則。」困在一種循環論證,似乎在說:快樂法則是真實存在的;如果你不快樂,是因為你不相信上主,是你自己的問題,
很多人提倡心想事成的「吸引力法則」,他們的篤定程度,似乎什麼都可以吸引到。如果你沒有吸引到,似乎就是你的問題,是你不夠誠心,沒有用對方法。但他們究竟吸引了什麼?是否敢篤定的說:「今天我需要用錢,我去吸引一張中獎的樂透。宇宙啊,我不貪心,先給我十萬塊就夠了。」
「你可能堅持認為聖靈沒有回答你,但考慮你是什麼樣的提問者可能更明智。你並不只問你想要的東西。這是因為你害怕你可能會得到它,而你確實會得到。這就是為什麼你堅持問那些不可能給你想要東西的老師。」(You may insist that the Holy Spirit does not answer you, but it might be wiser to consider the kind of questioner you are. You do not ask only for what you want. This is because you are afraid you might receive it, and you would. That is why you persist in asking the teacher who could not possibly give you what you want.)
「當你認為你在投射你不想要的東西時,仍然是因為你確實想要它。」(When you think you are projecting what you do not want, it is still because you do want it.)
註解:似是而非。我不想要抑鬱,難道我「無意識」想要抑鬱?
「我聽到了你的呼喚並已回應,但你不會看我,也聽不到你尋求的答案。那是因為你還不只想要那個。」(I have heard your call and I have answered it, but you will not look upon me nor hear the answer that you sought. That is because you do not yet want only that.)
註解:很典型的新時代邏輯。
「天父。當你感到悲傷時,要知道這不必如此。抑鬱來自於你想要某物卻未擁有的剝奪感。記住,除非是你自己的決定,否則你不會被剝奪任何東西,然後做出不同的決定。當你感到焦慮時,要意識到焦慮源於小我的反覆無常,並知道這不必如此。你可以像支持小我的指令一樣警惕地反對它們。當你感到內疚時,記住小我確實違反了上帝的律法,但你沒有。將小我的「罪」交給我,這就是贖罪的目的。但在你改變對小我所傷害的人的想法之前,贖罪無法釋放你。當你感到內疚時,小我掌控著你,因為只有小我能體驗內疚。這不必如此。注意你的心靈,警惕小我的誘惑,不要被它欺騙。它給你提供的是一無所有。當你放棄這種自願的消沉時,你會看到你的心靈如何能夠專注並超越疲勞並癒合。然而,你對小我的要求還不夠警惕,無法脫離它。這不必如此。」(Father. When you are sad, know this need not be. Depression comes from a sense of being deprived of something you want and do not have. Remember that you are deprived of nothing except by your own decisions, and then decide otherwise. When you are anxious, realize that anxiety comes from the capriciousness of the ego, and know this need not be. You can be as vigilant against the ego’s dictates as for them. When you feel guilty, remember that the ego has indeed violated the laws of God, but you have not. Leave the “sins” of the ego to me. That is what Atonement is for. But until you change your mind about those whom your ego has hurt, the Atonement cannot release you. While you feel guilty your ego is in command, because only the ego can experience guilt. This need not be. Watch your mind for the temptations of the ego, and do not be deceived by it. It offers you nothing. When you have given up this voluntary dis-spiriting, you will see how your mind can focus and rise above fatigue and heal. Yet you are not sufficiently vigilant against the demands of the ego to disengage yourself. This need not be.)
註解:簡單說,悲傷、焦慮和內疚這些痛苦並不是你必須承受的,它們來自小我的錯誤想法。就是你的痛苦不是真的,也不是必須的。選擇放下小我的想法,你就能找回內心的自由和平安。
信念
「不相信就是反對,或攻擊。相信就是接受,並站在同一邊。相信不是輕信,而是接受和欣賞。你不相信的,你就不會欣賞,你無法為你不重視的東西感恩。你將為判斷付出代價,因為判斷是設定一個價格。而你設定的價格,你將支付。」(To disbelieve is to side against, or to attack. To believe is to accept, and to side with. To believe is not to be credulous, but to accept and appreciate. What you do not believe you do not appreciate, and you cannot be grateful for what you do not value. There is a price you will pay for judgment, because judgment is the setting of a price. And as you set it you will pay it.)
註解:表面聽起來很有道理,但似乎又像是一種威脅,不得不信,沒有選擇。
「當你相信某事時,你已使它對你來說成為真實。當你相信上帝不知道的事時,你的思考似乎與祂的相矛盾,這使你看起來像是在攻擊祂。」(When you believe something, you have made it true for you. When you believe what God does not know, your thought seems to contradict His, and this makes it appear as if you are attacking Him.)
註解:奇蹟課程強調,你就是上帝之子,有著上帝的品質,但確切上帝是什麼,奇蹟課程其實也沒說清楚。